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> Appendix / Glossary / M
The maintained illuminance Ēm is the (local) average of the installation below which the average illuminance must not fall at any time. The illuminance values defined for various occupations in the European standards such as EN 12464-1 are maintained values. If they are reached during the operation period due to lamp and luminaire degradation and dust, the installation must be maintained, i.e. cleaned, and the lamps must be replaced where necessary.
Unit: lux (lx)
The maintained luminance Lm is the (local) average of the installation below which the average illuminance must not fall at any time. Theluminance values defined for various occupations in the European standards such as EN 12464-1 are maintained values. If they are reached during the operation period due to lamp and luminaire degradation and dust, the installation must be maintained, i.e. cleaned, and the lamps must be replaced where necessary.
Unit: cd/m²
(MF) The maintenance factor accounts for lamp (or integral light source) and luminaire deterioration and soiling as well as soiling of reflection surfaces during the operation period of the lighting installation. It determines the initial value of illuminance/luminance and consequently the number of lamps and luminaires required. It can be defined as a reference maintenance factor based on standardised operating conditions or based on particular parameters of lamps and luminaires according to the lighting installation in question. Definition according to EN 12665: The maintenance factor is the ratio of average illuminance on the working plane produced by the lighting installation after a certain period to the average illuminance produced by a new installation under the same conditions.
<meta charset="UTF-8" />The average vertical illuminance Ev on a cylinder surface yields the cylindrical illuminance Ez. The relation between cylindrical and horizontal illuminance Eh defines the shadow detail Ez/Eh at this point. The shadow detail determines the perceptibility of three-dimensional objects and is also called modelling. In indoor spaces, its value at 1.2 m above the floor should be between 0.3 and 0.6.
see Regulation
L O, P, Q
Introduction Visual needs Need for orientation Non visual needs
Guidelines Overview Work places Visual task area Surrounding area Illuminance Luminance distribution Limitation of glare Lighting direction, modelling Aspects of colour Flicker and stroboscopic effects Daylight
Maintenance Factor Light and safety at work Light and non-visual effects Light and economy Light and environment Lighting design Lighting measurement Emergency lighting
Lighting of traffic zones and geneal areas in buildings Lighting of industrial activities and crafts Lighting of offices and VDU workstations Lighting of design and CAD offices Lighting of sports facilities Lighting of health care facilities Lighting of geriatric care facilities and nursing homes Lighting of public areas Lighting of salesrooms Lighting of educational facilities Lighting of traffic areas Lighting of car parks Ligthing of further indoor spaces
Luminaires The enhanced concept of quality Photometric classification Photometric properties Photo biology safety Mounting and electrical connection Luminaire labelling Luminaire operation LED luminaire operation Operation of FL luminaires Electrical safety Fire protection Electromagnetic safety Mechanical safety Chemical and miscellaneous impact Acoustic properties Ventilation properties
Firehazardous locations Room with bathtubs and showers Swimming baths Exterior installations Agricultural and gardening plant locations Food industry Clean rooms Requirements on mediacal rooms Emergency light installations
Luminaire selection chart
Light management application and function Presence detection Daylight-dependent regulation Interfaces Building management, KNX and other bus systems
Light sources types Characteristics of light sources
ABC, DF, G, ILM, NO, P, QRSUV, W
Subject index
StandardsGuidelines and instructionsEuropean directives and regulationsFurther publications
Lighting societies
Standardisation institutes
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